Pericarditis

Pericarditis is an inflammatory condition affecting the pericardium, the thin, protective sac that surrounds the heart. The inflammation can cause irritation of the pericardial layers, leading to chest pain and other cardiovascular symptoms. Pericarditis may occur suddenly as an acute condition or develop gradually and persist over a longer period. At Park Hospitals, advanced cardiac diagnostics, specialized cardiology services, and comprehensive cardiovascular care programs support the early diagnosis and effective management of pericarditis to help protect heart health and prevent complications.

Several factors can contribute to the development of pericarditis. Viral infections are among the most common causes, although bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, kidney disease, heart attacks, chest injuries, certain medications, and cancer-related conditions may also trigger inflammation of the pericardium. In some cases, the exact cause remains unidentified.

The most common symptom of pericarditis is sharp chest pain that may worsen with deep breathing, coughing, or lying flat and improve when sitting up or leaning forward. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, fever, heart palpitations, and general weakness. Symptom severity can vary depending on the extent of inflammation and underlying cause.

If left untreated, pericarditis can lead to complications such as recurrent episodes of inflammation, pericardial effusion (fluid accumulation around the heart), cardiac tamponade, and constrictive pericarditis, which may impair the heart's ability to function effectively.

Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive cardiovascular evaluation along with electrocardiograms (ECG), echocardiography, chest X-rays, blood tests, cardiac MRI, and other specialized investigations. These assessments help identify inflammation, determine the underlying cause, and evaluate potential complications.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Management may include anti-inflammatory medications, treatment of underlying infections or autoimmune disorders, activity modification, and close cardiac monitoring. More advanced cases may require specialized procedures to address fluid accumulation around the heart.

With experienced cardiologists, advanced cardiac imaging technology, and comprehensive heart care services, Park Hospitals provides personalized treatment and long-term management for individuals with pericarditis. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention can help relieve symptoms, reduce complications, and support better long-term cardiovascular health.